Overview

For patients with cancer, the body’s immune system does not possess the tools to identify and destroy cancer cells. In order to overcome this challenge, Kiromic BioPharma, Inc. has developed a number of therapies to equip the immune system with the right tools for fighting cancer.

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

LeukemiaAcute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is an aggressive type of leukemia that originates from myeloid stem cells. Normal myeloid stem cells mature to become red blood cells (RBCs) that carry oxygen in the body, white blood cells (WBCs) that fight infection and disease, and platelets that stop the bleeding process. When myeloid stem cells produce cancerous RBCs, WBCs, or platelets, an individual develops AML, and in turn, the individual produces fewer healthy RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.

  • Leukemia is a cancer type in which the bone marrow makes abnormal white blood cells, red blood cells, or platelets
  • 54,270 new cases in the USA, 2015 (Source: NIH)
  • There are 4 types of leukemia:
    • Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
    • Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
    • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
    • Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

Source: http://www.cancer.gov (NIH/NCI). Accessed 2/24/16

Breast Cancer

Breast CancerIn breast cancer, cancerous cells form in breast tissues such as ducts that transport breast milk to the nipple, lobules that produce breast milk, and connective tissues that include muscles, fat, and blood vessels.  These cancerous cells can invade nearby organs and tissues as well as spread to other body regions where they can damage healthy organs. Common treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapy.

  • Breast cancer develops when breast cells grow uncontrollably to form a tumor
  • Second most common cancer in women
  • 231,840 new cases in the USA, 2015 (Source: NIH)
  • Four breast cancer classifications based on protein expression:
    • Estrogen receptor positive breast cancer (ER+ BC)
    • Progesterone receptor positive breast cancer (PR+ BC)
    • HER2/neu positive breast cancer (HER2+ BC)
    • Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)

Source: http://www.cancer.gov (NIH/NCI). Accessed 2/24/16.

Lung Cancer

Lung CancerLung cancer develops when cancerous cells arise from normal lung cells within the respiratory tract. Lung cancers are grouped into two categories based on how the cancer cells look when viewed under a microscope: non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is more common than small cell lung cancer. Tobacco smoking is the most common cause of lung cancer overall.

  • Lung cancer develops when malignant cells form in the lung tissues.
  • Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in the US
  • 221,200 new cases of Lung and Bronchus Cancer in the USA, 2015 (Source: NIH)
  • Two types of lung cancer:
    • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
    • Small cell lung cancer (SCLC)

Source: http://www.cancer.gov (NIH/NCI). Accessed 2/24/16.